Poultry Judging Practice Test

Which factor is essential for proper egg shell formation in hens?

1. Calcium

2. Protein

3. Vitamin D3

4. Cholesterol

The correct answer is: Calcium

Calcium is essential for proper eggshell formation in hens because it serves as a critical mineral component of eggshells. Hens require adequate levels of calcium to produce strong and healthy shells that can protect the developing embryo. The eggshell is primarily made up of calcium carbonate, which means that without sufficient calcium in their diet, hens can produce eggs with thin shells or even no shells at all. The availability of calcium in the hen’s diet directly affects eggshell quality. For optimal shell production, hens need access to high-quality calcium sources, such as crushed limestone or oyster shell. If the calcium levels are low, it can lead to issues such as soft-shelled eggs, which are susceptible to breakage and can adversely affect the overall health of the flock and the viability of the eggs. While the other factors listed, such as protein and Vitamin D3, play important roles in overall hen health and egg production, they do not directly influence the calcium content of the eggshell. Cholesterol, while important in cell membrane structure and functions within the hen's body, is not a component of eggshells. Thus, the focus on calcium is paramount for understanding how to ensure optimal eggshell formation in poultry.