What is defined as an alteration of body organs that interrupts or disturbs the body's function?

The definition provided in the question aligns closely with the term "Disease." A disease is a pathological condition of a bodily part, an organ, or system resulting from various causes, including infection, genetic defect, or environmental stress, and characterized by an identifiable group of signs or symptoms. It fundamentally represents an alteration in the normal function of the body, leading to a state of dysfunction and potentially affecting the overall health of the organism.

The other terms have distinct meanings; for instance, an infection specifically refers to the invasion of the body by pathogenic microorganisms, which may or may not lead to disease. A condition is a broader term that can refer to any state of health or illness, and while it can imply a departure from health, it does not specifically denote the disruption of body functions to the same degree as disease does. Similarly, a syndrome is a collection of signs and symptoms that occur together and may indicate a particular disease or condition but does not itself refer to a specific alteration in organ function. Hence, "Disease" is the most appropriate term in this context.